Design and Simulation of a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) for Voltage Sag Mitigation in Distribution Systems

Abstract

The Dynamic Voltage Restorer is a custom power device employed to alleviate voltage issues at load terminals. In today\'s world, power quality has emerged as a significant concern. This is particularly true with the advent of advanced devices that are highly sensitive to the quality of the power supply. Power quality issues manifest as deviations in voltage, current, or frequency, leading to failures in end-user equipment. A prominent issue addressed here is power sag. To tackle this challenge, custom power devices are implemented. Among these devices is the Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), recognized as the most efficient and effective modern custom power device utilized in power distribution networks. The DVR injects the necessary voltage in series with the supply voltage via an injection transformer to correct the voltage amplitude, phase, and harmonic components in the line. This paper discusses the development, simulation, and analysis of a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) using MATLAB/SIMULINK. To improve the voltage sag restoration capability of the DVR, this paper focuses on the creation of a control structure utilizing a Discrete PWM pulse generator. Furthermore, this paper explores a new control algorithm based on the abc to dq0 transformation for pulse generation. The results indicate that the developed DVR possesses a strong capability to restore voltage levels during sag conditions.

Introduction

The text explains the role of a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) as a power quality improvement device used to correct voltage issues, especially voltage sag, in modern electrical distribution systems. Power quality problems can damage sensitive equipment due to deviations in voltage, current, or frequency.

The DVR works by injecting a compensating voltage in series with the supply through an injection transformer to maintain proper voltage magnitude, phase, and waveform quality. The study focuses on designing and simulating a DVR using MATLAB/Simulink, with control strategies based on a Discrete PWM pulse generator and an abc-to-dq0 transformation algorithm.

Simulation results show that the proposed DVR effectively restores voltage levels during sag conditions, demonstrating strong performance in improving power quality in distribution networks.

Conclusion

This paper has discussed power quality issues, including voltage dips, swells, and interruptions, along with mitigation techniques for the custom power electronic device known as DVR. The design and applications of DVR for addressing voltage sags and interruptions are thoroughly presented, along with comprehensive results. A novel PWM-based control scheme has been developed to manage the electronic valves in the VSI utilized in the DVR. Unlike the fundamental frequency switching schemes currently available in MATLAB/SIMULINK, this PWM control scheme relies solely on voltage measurements. This feature renders it particularly suitable for low-voltage custom power applications. The simulations conducted demonstrated that the DVR offers effective voltage regulation capabilities. The results of the simulations indicate a high level of accuracy in the findings.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2026 Basudeb Dey, Dr. Rituparna Mitra. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.